Icosahedral architectures have also inspired countless artificial protein cages and self-assembling protein nanoparticles for drug delivery and vaccine design. Virus-like particles can self-assemble from proteins in cell culture and are completely harmless, since they lack the viral genome itself or carry a greatly modified version of it that eliminates virulent genes. They can be modified to express antigens on the surface of the capsid, mimicking the repetitiveness and geometry of natural host-pathogen interactions. This grants them high immunogenicity by effectively engaging the receptors of the antibody-producing B-cells in the host organism (which respond more strongly to repetitive antigens). Indeed, two recently WHO-approved highly efficient malaria vaccines, RTS,S/AS01 and R21/Matrix-M, are based on virus-like particles.
Maria Diaz, Staff WriterStaff Writer
,这一点在搜狗输入法中也有详细论述
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